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Everything you wanted to know about buying property in Spain: up-to-date information

Home » Blog » Everything you wanted to know about buying property in Spain: up-to-date information

Buying property in Spain has long gone beyond simply exchanging money for square metres. It is a way of preserving capital, earning an income, establishing residency and integrating into the transparent European legal system. Let’s take a closer look at how the buying process works, what taxes to pay, what to look out for and how to avoid mistakes.

What door does buying a property in Spain open

Every transaction in the country is not just a change of ownership of square metres. It is a pass to a jurisdiction where every metre of housing gives access to residency, taxes, protection and investment. Buying property in Spain is not just a transaction, but a flexible tool: from capital protection to obtaining a “golden visa”.

The market offers about 1.3 million properties in active sale, from studios in Torrevieja to historic villas in Malaga. The average price per square metre is around €1860, but in Barcelona and the Balearics the price tag easily crosses the €4000 per metre barrier.

Legal backing: what you need to know before the transaction

The Spanish legal system is extremely formalised. A mistake in one line of the contract turns the deal into a long-term problem. Purchasing your own home in the country requires understanding that each stage has a strict procedural formalisation.

The procedure for buying property in Spain begins with obtaining a NIE – individual tax number of the foreigner. Without it, you can not carry out any operation. Next – opening an account in a Spanish bank, evaluation of the object and check its legal purity. Practice shows: about 30% of objects have hidden restrictions – mortgages, arrest, violations of urban planning regulations.

Notary does not check the object, he only fixes the will of the parties. The verification is carried out by a lawyer or agent. After signing the sale and purchase agreement, the parties fix the price, the advance payment and the terms of the deal.

What you need to consider in taxes and fees

Buying a property in Spain does not end with paying the cost of the property. The transaction entails a chain of tax obligations:

  1. Property purchase tax in Spain (ITP) – from 6% to 10% for secondary housing, depending on the region.
  2. IVA (VAT analogue) – 10% of the cost if buying a primary residence from a developer.
  3. AJD (documentary deeds tax) – about 1.5% if the property is a new building.
  4. Capital Gains Tax (Plusvalía Municipal) – paid by the seller, but in practice often shifted to the buyer.

All payments are processed within 30 days of signing the notarial deed. Late payment – penalty from 50 to 100% of the tax amount.

Buying with a mortgage: nuances

Spanish banks are willing to lend to foreigners, especially in the case of the purchase of liquid housing. The size of the mortgage – up to 70% of the appraised value of the object. Not the market value, but the bank’s internal valuation. Rates – from 3.2% per annum, term – up to 25 years.

Applying for a mortgage requires:

  1. Alien Identification Number.
  2. Proof of 6-12 months of income.
  3. Financial Stability Statements.
  4. Bank statements.
  5. Preliminary sales contract.

The agreement with the bank shall be notarised. Life and object insurance is a mandatory condition.

Buying property in Spain: rights and obligations

Foreigners have the same rights as residents. The law allows the purchase of property in Spain without restriction – both individuals and legal entities. Ownership rights include registration in the Property Registry, access to mortgage lending, the possibility of renting and income generation.

Along with rights come responsibilities. The owner pays:

  • annual property tax (IBI);
  • tax on potential rental income (even if there is none) – about 19% for non-EU residents;
  • utilities, insurance, tenants’ association fees (in apartment buildings).

The only possibility for a residence permit without work is the “golden visa”

The Law on Support for Entrepreneurship (Ley 14/2013) entitles to a residence permit for investments of €500,000 or more in real estate. The minimum is without a mortgage. The status allows you to legally reside, educate children, travel in Schengen and even get immigration to Spain over time.

The processing procedure is 20 days. First, a national visa is issued for a year, then – residence for 2 years with further extension. No requirements for in-country stay, tax reporting or renunciation of citizenship.

Structure of property purchase in Spain

The process of purchasing a home is strictly formalised and requires adherence to a sequence. Each step – from obtaining the NIE to registering ownership – has legal significance. Without understanding this structure, you can lose not only time, but also money.

Let’s consider the key steps:

  1. Obtaining an NIE – foreigner’s tax number from the police or consulate.
  2. Opening a bank account is only after NIE, otherwise the bank will refuse.
  3. Site selection and cleanliness check – includes legal due diligence.
  4. Signing a preliminary contract – fixes the deposit and terms and conditions.
  5. Mortgage request (if needed) – submitted after the contract.
  6. Registration with a notary – official signing and registration of the deed.
  7. Payment of taxes and fees – within one month after the transaction.
  8. Registration of ownership – in the Registry, confirmation of possession.

Following this scheme reduces legal and financial risks. A properly executed transaction is capital protection and the first step towards living in the European legal system.

Rent, income and control

The owner may rent the property on both long and short term leases. The latter will require a tourist rental licence (VUT), especially in autonomies with a high tourist load – Catalonia, Valencia, Balearics.

Buying property in Spain turns into a source of stable income:

  • average yield – from 3% in large cities to 7% in regions with a shortage of rent;
  • tourist rentals in Barcelona can yield up to 12% per annum, but require consideration of local restrictions.

Foreigners are required to file a tax return for rental income even if they are not resident in Spain. The tax rate is 19% for EU residents, 24% for others.

Unobvious risks and how to avoid them

Buying is not always a safe haven. Buying property in Spain requires a critical approach to selecting a property. Common mistakes:

  • purchase of an object with debts to public utilities;
  • choice of real estate in urbanisations without full-fledged infrastructure;
  • failure to register the transaction with the Property Registry.

Checking Nota Simple – an extract from the Registry – will solve the problem. It is also worth requesting a cadastral certificate and a certificate of acceptance of the property, if it is a new building. The agent is not obliged to inform about the risks, only a lawyer works in the buyer’s interests.

Buying property in Spain: conclusions

Buying property in Spain is not just an investment in walls and land. It is access to a system where every brick becomes a brick with rights, taxes, legal protection and possibly EU residency. A clear procedure, transparent tax calculations, proper contract drafting, understanding your responsibilities – all this makes the transaction a manageable investment. The purchase of a home justifies itself if all the steps are carefully followed. Without emotions, but with figures and calculations.

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What gives you Spanish citizenship: What opportunities a Spanish passport opens up

Getting a Spanish passport is more than just opening a red cover with a coat of arms. It is a transition to a new level of access to a full European life, where borders and restrictions virtually disappear. What gives citizenship of Spain? Much more than a formal status. Legal entry into the EU economy, expanded civil rights, freedom of movement and a high standard of living with a guarantee of European quality.

What Spanish citizenship gives you in everyday life

Spanish passport opens 191 countries without visas, including Japan, USA, Canada, Australia. A citizen can cross EU borders as a resident, not a tourist. He or she registers a business in any country of the Union without bureaucratic blocks and gains access to health and education systems on an equal footing with local ones.

Access to the labour market of 27 EU countries, the ability to enter into contracts without a work permit, obtain loans from European banks, purchase real estate with a simplified procedure. Legalisation – no additional statuses are required. Residence registration is available without being tied to a residence permit.

Passport as an economic instrument

Due to the civil status of the country, businessmen register an IE in 48 hours. They register a company in 3 days, receive an NIE number and start operations with minimal restrictions.

What gives Spanish citizenship to a specialist – the right to work in Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, France without obtaining a labour visa. Employers all over Europe purposefully hire lawyers, architects, IT-specialists and doctors. These are the professions that remain most in demand in the global marketplace.

Borderless mobility is transforming work contracts. Remote employment is becoming available on European terms, including social packages, pension savings, and insurance.

Opportunities through kinship care

The family of a Spanish citizen becomes eligible for accelerated reunification. Spouse – by marriage after 1 year of residence. Children – automatically. Parents – by dependency.

What gives Spanish citizenship on repatriation – the opportunity to apply through historical roots, if one of the ancestors was born in the territory of the country. Since 2022, the possibility of obtaining under the law on Sephardic Jews is open.

Registration of Spanish citizenship with family grounds – the fastest way: up to 2 years under a simplified procedure.

Social Lift: Culture, Education, Voice

Voice is not a figure of speech. Citizenship status includes the right to participate in elections at any level: from municipal to European.

What gives Spanish citizenship to students – access to prestigious universities with subsidies: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Universitat de Barcelona, Pompeu Fabra. Tuition fees for citizens start from €500 per year instead of €3000 for foreigners.

Culture becomes not a background but an everyday part of life. Free access to all cultural integration programmes, Spanish language courses, national historical events subsidised by the state. You learn a language faster when you live in it, not translate it from the outside.

How to obtain Spanish citizenship: requirements and procedures

The formalisation of civil status is regulated at the state level and involves several legal paths. The authorities have developed each of these pathways to suit different life situations and legal grounds.

There are clear ways to formalise:

  1. Through residence – minimum period: 10 years. For natives of Latin America, Andorra, Philippines – 2 years. For persons with refugee status – 5 years.
  2. For marriage, 1 year after the union is registered and residence is established.
  3. Repatriation is on the basis of origin.
  4. Birth in Spain – provided that the parents are resident in Spain.
  5. Through naturalisation – by decision of the authorities for contribution to culture, science and economy of the country.

Each pathway requires fulfilment of requirements: legal residence, passing language (DELE A2 and above) and constitutional knowledge exams (CCSE), no criminal record, stable income.

What gives Spanish citizenship after fulfilment of all conditions – the final legal status, not limited by time and territory.

Residence permit and citizenship: differences

A residence permit grants the right to stay and work in the country, but not to participate in politics, not to have access to elections, and does not open the whole EU.

What gives Spanish citizenship over and above this: freedom not only to move, but also to participate in government, political activity, the right to vote. Residence permit requires renewals, civil status is for life.

Citizenship status allows you to refuse residence permits of other countries, combining all the benefits under one legal “umbrella”.

What are the advantages of Spanish citizenship

The pros are not limited to geography. They are in comfort, protection, prospects. The passport is available:

  1. Education in the best universities in Europe.
  2. Employment without visa restrictions.
  3. Freedom of Business.
  4. The right to political activism.
  5. Visa-free travel to 191 countries.
  6. EU social guarantees.
  7. Children are automatically granted civil status.

What gives you Spanish citizenship is not a theoretical list, but a real life scenario without bureaucracy and restrictions.

Spain as a strategic choice

The choice of a destination for naturalisation is rarely random. The Spanish kingdom is not just a southern point of Europe, but a full-fledged strategic hub. Geographically – access to the Mediterranean, Portugal, France, Morocco. Logistics – a developed network of high-speed trains (Renfe AVE), more than 50 airports, including the international hub in Madrid (Barajas) and the most powerful port in Valencia.

The climate provides comfortable year-round living. The southern regions enjoy over 300 days of sunshine a year, while the north enjoys the mildness of the Atlantic and verdant landscapes. For families with children – access to ecological zones, developed schools and sports infrastructures.

What gives Spanish citizenship in combination with geography – the opportunity to live, holiday and work in a country that combines Mediterranean culture, EU infrastructure and flexible adaptability to any lifestyle. This flexibility is a rare asset in today’s world, where sustainability and mobility have become the new currency.

Conclusion

Citizenship status combines freedom, legality, security and status in one document. What gives Spanish citizenship is the ability to build a life without geographical and legal walls. It is not a passport. It is a platform of access to resources, security and a future in the heart of Europe.

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Naturalization Citizenship: Grounds, How to Obtain, and Tips

Are you dreaming of a new home in another country? Naturalization is the most common way to obtain a passport and full citizenship status if you do not have direct roots, marriage with a foreigner, or the opportunity to invest huge sums. This process takes time, patience, and compliance with strict requirements, but it opens the door to new opportunities and rights. In this article, we will discuss in detail the grounds on which citizenship can be obtained by naturalization, what steps need to be taken and how to increase the chances of success.

Citizenship by naturalization: legal grounds

The procedure for obtaining citizenship by naturalization is based on specific conditions stipulated in the law of each country. The starting point is legal stay. Only an officially registered status, including a residence permit and permanent residence, gives the right to start counting down. Spain requires 10 years of legal residence. For immigrants from Latin America, the Philippines, Andorra and Sephardim, the term is reduced to 2 years. An important condition is the continuity of domicile, even for short—term trips outside the country. The legislation also provides for additional criteria: a positive reputation, no criminal record, stable income, proficiency in Spanish and knowledge of the basics of the constitution.

Proving participation: integration and engagement

Citizenship by naturalization is granted not only based on the length of time, but also on the applicant’s involvement in the country’s social and economic life. The naturalized candidate demonstrates integration through employment, tax returns, and participation in educational, social, and cultural programs.

In Spain, the DELE A2 exam confirms basic language proficiency. Additionally, the CCSE test is conducted to assess knowledge of laws, traditions, history, and administrative structures. The applicant provides proof of income, employment contracts, work certificates, and tax returns.

Steps of the process: from the request to the passport

The process is a sequential chain of steps, each of which requires confirmation and official approval. Naturalization citizenship includes:

  1. Obtaining a legal basis for residence — a visa, residence permit or permanent residence.

  2. Accumulation of the required length of residence (for example, 10 years in Spain).

  3. Collection and submission of documents: passport, certificate of non-criminal record, proof of income, lease or property agreement.

  4. Passing a language and civil examination.

  5. Background check, criminal record, tax and immigration history.

  6. Interviews or additional checks are at the discretion of the migration authorities.

  7. Taking the oath of allegiance to a new country.

  8. Obtaining an ID card, passport, and full civil rights.

The financial side: sufficient income and no debts

Financial viability remains one of the key conditions for obtaining citizenship by naturalization by a foreigner. The State considers how much the applicant can provide for himself and not apply for social support. The Spanish authorities take into account:

  • stable income at least below the minimum threshold;
  • regular payment of taxes;
  • no outstanding utility, administrative, or tax obligations.

For families with children, the requirements increase in proportion to the number of dependents.

Problematic factors: mistakes and risks when obtaining citizenship by naturalization

The naturalization process requires precision. Errors in the submission, lack of documents or non-compliance with the minimum criteria lead to a refusal. For example, undeclared trips can lead to a reset of the accumulated length of stay.

Common reasons for refusals:

  • incomplete documents;
  • lack of exams;
  • criminal record;
  • unreliable data;
  • insufficient language level.

Naturalization citizenship requires careful attention to all the details. You can fix the error, but the re-process will take at least a year.

Features of citizenship by naturalization in Spain: a detailed analysis of the conditions and the process

Spain offers a path to citizenship through naturalization as a long-term but stable and predictable mechanism for legalization. The country’s legal system combines loyalty towards integrated residents with a high level of formalities. Each stage of the process requires proof of loyalty, inclusion, and compliance with the law.

Documents and conditions: what the Ministry of Internal Affairs checks

Naturalization citizenship in Spain involves not just a legal application, but a full background check, lifestyle assessment, and integration level. The list of mandatory conditions includes:

  • stable income (availability of an employment contract, business or other source of financing);
  • continuous residence (departures should not exceed 90 days per year or 6 months in total over the entire period);
  • a positive tax history (tax returns, missing debts);
  • a certificate of no criminal record from all countries where the applicant has lived in the last 5 years;
  • a residence permit in Spain and proof of residence (rental agreement, bills, medical insurance);
  • DELE A2 and CCSE certificates are exams that test knowledge of the Spanish language and the basics of the legal, political, and cultural system.

In addition to formal criteria, the candidate’s reputation is important, including feedback from employers, participation in local events, courses, and social activism.

Oath and renunciation of previous citizenship

The final stage is the signing of a solemn oath in front of a representative of the Ministry of Justice. From this moment on, the candidate becomes a legal Spanish citizen. The procedure is conducted in the local registry, where the candidate’s consent to the country’s constitutional order, loyalty to the Spanish nation, and renunciation of their previous citizenship are recorded.

However, Spain only allows dual citizenship with a select few countries, including most Latin American nations, as well as Portugal, the Philippines, and Andorra. For citizens of other countries, renouncing their previous citizenship is a mandatory requirement. Exceptions are allowed only if the refusal is officially prohibited by the laws of the country of origin.

Practical advice: how to get citizenship by naturalization without mistakes

Even if the length of stay coincides, an error in one of the points will delay the process for months. Recommendations:

  • arrange official accommodation from the first day of entry;
  • maintain stability of residence and income;
  • take exams in advance;
  • confirm integration by participating in local projects and courses;
  • maintain an impeccable reputation;
  • avoid even administrative offenses;
  • keep copies of all migration documents.

Only if these conditions are met will the path be completed successfully.

Conclusion

Naturalization citizenship remains a reliable but complex method of legalization. It requires patience, systematic approach, respect for the laws of the host country, and full adaptation to its rhythm. For those seeking to accelerate the process, investments in real estate or business offer an alternative. However, citizenship is not just a document; it is a reflection of one’s genuine contribution to society, respect for its norms, and appreciation of its history.

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